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New computational treatment of optical wave propagation in lossywaveguides

Jian-xin ZHU,Guan-jie WANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第8期页码 646-653 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400406

摘要： In this paper, the optical wave propagation in lossy waveguides is described by the Helmholtz equation with the complex refractive-index, and the Chebyshev pseudospectral method is used to discretize the transverse operator of the equation. Meanwhile, an operator marching method, a one-way re-formulation based on the Dirichletto-Neumann (DtN) map, is improved to solve the equation. Numerical examples show that our treatment is more efficient.

关键词： Adjoint operator Orthogonal Chebyshev Pseudospectral method Dirichlet-to-Neumann map

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Continuous size fractionation of magnetic nanoparticles by using simulated moving bed chromatography

Carsten-Rene Arlt, Dominik Brekel, Stefan Neumann, David Rafaja, Matthias Franzreb

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期页码 1346-1355 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2040-3

摘要： The size fractionation of magnetic nanoparticles is a technical problem, which until today can only be solved with great effort. Nevertheless, there is an important demand for nanoparticles with sharp size distributions, for example for medical technology or sensor technology. Using magnetic chromatography, we show a promising method for fractionation of magnetic nanoparticles with respect to their size and/or magnetic properties. This was achieved by passing magnetic nanoparticles through a packed bed of fine steel spheres with which they interact magnetically because single domain ferro-/ferrimagnetic nanoparticles show a spontaneous magnetization. Since the strength of this interaction is related to particle size, the principle is suitable for size fractionation. This concept was transferred into a continuous process in this work using a so-called simulated moving bed chromatography. Applying a suspension of magnetic nanoparticles within a size range from 20 to 120 nm, the process showed a separation sharpness of up to 0.52 with recovery rates of 100%. The continuous feed stream of magnetic nanoparticles could be fractionated with a space-time-yield of up to 5 mg/(L∙min). Due to the easy scalability of continuous chromatography, the process is a promising approach for the efficient fractionation of industrially relevant amounts of magnetic nanoparticles.

关键词： magnetic chromatography simulated moving bed chromatography magnetic nanoparticles size fractionation

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Multiple input self-organizing-map ResNet model for optimization of petroleum refinery conversion units

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第6期页码 759-771 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2269-5

摘要： This work introduces a deep-learning network, i.e., multi-input self-organizing-map ResNet (MISR), for modeling refining units comprised of two reactors and a separation train. The model is comprised of self-organizing-map and the neural network parts. The self-organizing-map part maps the input data into multiple two-dimensional planes and sends them to the neural network part. In the neural network part, residual blocks enhance the convergence and accuracy, ensuring that the structure will not be overfitted easily. Development of the MISR model of hydrocracking unit also benefits from the utilization of prior knowledge of the importance of the input variables for predicting properties of the products. The results show that the proposed MISR structure predicts more accurately the product yields and properties than the previously introduced self-organizing-map convolutional neural network model, thus leading to more accurate optimization of the hydrocracker operation. Moreover, the MISR model has smoother error convergence than the previous model. Optimal operating conditions have been determined via multi-round-particle-swarm and differential evolution algorithms. Numerical experiments show that the MISR model is suitable for modeling nonlinear conversion units which are often encountered in refining and petrochemical plants.

关键词： hydrocracking convolutional neural networks self-organizing map deep learning data-driven optimization

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A bacterial artificial chromosome-based physical map of

Yuhua FU,Zhiqiang XIA,Shujuan WANG,Xin CHEN,Cheng LU,Mingcheng LUO,Hongbin ZHANG,Wenquan WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 321-329 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016124

摘要： Cassava ( ) is known as the third most important food crop in the tropics and also used for industrial feedstock for biofuels. Two new bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were constructed for W14 ( ssp. ), a wild ancestor of domesticated cassava. The libraries were constructed with RI and dIII insertion vectors, respectively. The RI library has 29952 clones with an average insert size of 115 kb, while the dIII library consists of 29952 clones with an average insert of 129 kb. The combined libraries contain a total of 59904 clones with an average insert size of 125 kb, representing approximately 10 × haploid genome equivalents. A total of 29952 clones were fingerprinted and resulted in a cassava physical map composed of 2485 contigs with an average physical length of 336 kb and 2909 singletons, representing approximately 762 Mb of the cassava genome. 5000 clones located at the ends of BAC contigs were selected and sequenced. A total of 6077 SNPs and 231 indels were identified, that covered 459 gene sequences, of which 6 genes were associated with starch and sucrose metabolism. This BAC-based physical map provides valuable tools to understand the genetics and evolution of cassava.

关键词： cassava BAC library physical map

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自动驾驶地图有关政策的思考和建议

刘经南,董杨,詹骄,高柯夫

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第3期页码 92-97 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.03.004

摘要：

自动驾驶地图作为实现汽车自动驾驶的关键基础设施，对于推动我国自动驾驶领域的商业化开发至关重要。现阶段，我国受地图测绘、应用和监管等相关法律法规的制度掣肘，在自动驾驶地图的产业化进程方面相对滞后。为此，本文着重分析了我国在自动驾驶地图开发、应用和管理中面临的主要政策法规问题：自动驾驶地图是否需加密的问题、自动驾驶地图部分地理信息表达受限的问题、自动驾驶地图地理信息采集资质和审图流程的问题、自动驾驶地图事故责任和保险问题、自动驾驶地图相关测试规范和测试场景问题。同时结合国内外自动驾驶领域的发展趋势，给出加快我国自动驾驶汽车开发和商业化进程的四点建议：制定自动驾驶地图管理模式、允许自动驾驶地图应用试点及有序开放、适当放开企业权限及优化审核流程、建立国家级自动驾驶地图平台。

关键词：自动驾驶地图自动驾驶法规自动驾驶政策

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用航空航天影像更新地形图地物要素的栅格化方法

林宗坚

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第4期页码 43-47

摘要：

文章针对当前我国1:5和1:1万地形图更新的大规模生产的迫切需求，提出在原有地形图栅格式数字化的基础上，叠加经过精密纠正配准的航空或卫星遥感影像，以栅格方式更新地物要素的全过程方法。文中特别阐述了：1）地形图栅格数字化不同于矢量数字化的扫描采样分辨率问题；2）区别于传统的“针孔式”控制点概念的图像图形阵列控制点技术；3）由于DEM（数字高程模型）数据缺乏或精度不足引起的航空航天影像与地形图图形配准误差的局部纠正方法；4）定性指导定量的影像判读方法；5）从遥感影像提取地物结构信息的半自动化方法。文章最后列出

关键词：测绘遥感地形图更新数字栅格地图

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Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of global phosphorus use: focus on root and rhizosphere levels in the agronomic system

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 357-365 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019275

摘要：

Phosphorus (P) is essential for life and for efficient crop production, but global P use with limited recycling is inefficient in several sectors, including agronomy. Unfortunately, plant physiologists, agronomists, farmers and end users employ different measures for P use efficiency (PUE), which often masks their values at different scales. The term P use effectiveness, which also considers energetic and sustainability measures in addition to P balances, is also a valuable concept. Major physiological and genetic factors for plant P uptake and utilization have been identified, but there has been limited success in genetically improving PUE of modern crop cultivars. In maize, studies on root architectural and morphological traits appear promising. Rhizosphere processes assist in mobilizing and capturing sparingly soluble phosphate from rock phosphate. Combinations of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms with ammonium-based nitrogen fertilizer, as well as strategies of fertilizer placement near the roots of target crops, can moderately enhance PUE. The desired concentration of P in the products differs, depending on the final use of the crop products as feed, food or for energy conversion, which should be considered during crop production.

关键词： acquisition efficiency plant growth promoting rhizobacteria phosphate use efficiency utilization efficiency

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Optimization of process parameters for mature landfill leachate pretreatment using MAP precipitation

Wei LI, Xiaowen DING, Min LIU, Yuewen GUO, Lei LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第6期页码 892-900 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0440-9

摘要： Chemical precipitation is a useful technology as a pretreatment to treat mature landfill leachate with high concentrations of ammonium-nitrogen ( ) and refractory organic compounds. Orthogonal experiments and factorial experiments were carried out to determine the optimal conditions enhancing the magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation process, and the experimental results demonstrated that the removal rate of was more than 85% when MgO and NaH PO ·2H O were applied as external sources of magnesium and phosphorous under the optimal conditions that molar ratio n(Mg)∶n(N)∶n(P) = 1.4∶1∶0.8, reaction time 60 min, original pH of leachate and settling time 30 min. In the precipitation process, pH could be maintained at the optimal range of 8–9.5 because MgO could release hydroxide ions to consume hydrogen ions. Calcium ions and carbonate ions existed in the leachate could affect the precipitation process, which resulted in the decrease of removal efficiency. The residues of MAP sediments decomposed by heating under alkaline conditions can be reused as the sources of phosphorous and magnesium for the removal of high concentrations of , and up to 90% of ammonium could be released under molar ratio of n[OH]∶n[MAP] = 2.5∶1, heating temperature 90°C and heating time 2h.

关键词： magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation mature landfill leachate optimization ammonium-nitrogen

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Topicmodeling for large-scale text data

Xi-ming LI,Ji-hong OUYANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第6期页码 457-465 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400352

摘要： This paper develops a novel online algorithm, namely moving average stochastic variational inference (MASVI), which applies the results obtained by previous iterations to smooth out noisy natural gradients. We analyze the convergence property of the proposed algorithm and conduct a set of experiments on two large-scale collections that contain millions of documents. Experimental results indicate that in contrast to algorithms named ‘stochastic variational inference’ and ‘SGRLD’, our algorithm achieves a faster convergence rate and better performance.

关键词： Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) Topic modeling Online learning Moving average

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Optimization of fuel supply map during starting process of electronic controlled diesel engine

LIANG Jinguang, YU Xiumin, GAO Yue, WANG Yunkai, YU Hongyang, Gong Baoli

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 410-415 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0080-8

摘要： Tests were conducted to study influence of fuel supply map during the starting process of an electronic controlled diesel engine using an electronic controlled diesel engine which was made up of a CA498Z diesel engine, a VP37 electronic controlled distributor injection pump management system and a VS100 calibration system. The calibration process of starting fuel supply map was educed under the principle of low HC emission and rapid starting velocity. The calibration methods of starting fuel supply map were obtained.

关键词： supply management CA498Z process controlled distributor

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A road-map for energy-neutral wastewater treatment plants of the future based on compact technologies

Hallvard Ødegaard

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0835-0

摘要： In the paper concepts for wastewater treatment of the future are discussed by the use of a) one flow diagram based on established, compact, proven technologies (i.e. nitrification/denitrification for N-removal in the mainstream) and b) one flow diagram based on emerging, compact technologies (i.e. de-ammonification in the main stream).The latter (b) will give an energy-neutral wastewater treatment plant, while this cannot be guaranteed for the first one (a). The example flow diagrams show plant concepts that a) minimize energy consumption by using compact biological and physical/chemical processes combined in an optimal way, for instance by using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) processes for biodegradation and high-rate particle separation processes, and de-ammonification processes for N-removal and b)maximize energy (biogas) production through digestion by using wastewater treatment processes that minimize biodegradation of the sludge (prior to digestion) and pretreatment of the sludge prior to digestion by thermal hydrolysis. The treatment plant of the future should produce a water quality (for instance bathing water quality) that is sufficient for reuse of some kind (toilet flushing, urban use, irrigation etc.). The paper outlines compact water reclamation processes based on ozonation in combination with coagulation as pretreatment before ceramic membrane filtration. In the paper concepts for domestic wastewater treatment plants of the future are discussed by the use of a) one flow diagram based on established, compact, proven technologies (i.e. nitrification/denitrification for N-removal in the mainstream) and b) one flow diagram based on emerging, compact technologies (i.e. de-ammonification in the main stream).The latter (b) will give an energy-neutral wastewater treatment plant, while this cannot be guaranteed for the first one (a). The example flow diagrams show plant concepts that a) minimize energy consumption by using compact biological and physical/chemical processes combined in an optimal way, for instance by using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) processes for biodegradation and high-rate particle separation processes, and de-ammonification processes for N-removal and b)maximize energy (biogas) production through digestion by using wastewater treatment processes that minimize biodegradation of the sludge (prior to digestion) and pretreatment of the sludge prior to digestion by thermal hydrolysis. The treatment plant of the future should produce a water quality (for instance bathing water quality) that is sufficient for reuse of some kind (toilet flushing, urban use, irrigation etc.). The paper outlines compact water reclamation processes based on ozonation in combination with coagulation as pretreatment before ceramic membrane filtration.

关键词： China concept WWTP Energy-neutrality De-ammonification moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)

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一种适用于自动驾驶汽车的多层地图模型和车道级轨迹规划 Article

江昆, 杨殿阁, 柳超然, 张涛, 肖中阳

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第2期页码 305-318 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.032

摘要：

越来越多的司机依赖于汽车或手机上的电子地图导航系统来选择最佳的驾驶路线，以节省时间和提高安全性，在不久的将来，电子地图和导航系统有望在未来交通运输系统中发挥更大的作用。为了将现有的导航系统扩展到更多的应用领域，如自动驾驶，需要考虑在传统道路地图模型的基础上，建立车道级地图模型和车道级轨迹规划。本研究针对传统电子地图内容不够丰富的局限性，提出了一种全新的七层自动驾驶地图结构模型，并将它命名为清华地图模型。考虑车辆换道、转向和直行等不同行车特点，建立了车道级路段行车代价模型，建立一种分层路径轨迹搜索方法，能够在道路和车道网络中实现快速的轨迹规划，能够很好地支持自动驾驶的车道级轨迹规划。通过在虚拟道路网络和实际道路网络上的测试，充分验证了该地图模型和算法的灵活性和有效性。

关键词：车道级地图路径规划清华地图模型行车代价模型

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Building a dense surface map incrementally from semi-dense point cloud andRGBimages

Qian-shan LI,Rong XIONG,Shoudong HUANG,Yi-ming HUANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第7期页码 594-606 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.14a0260

摘要： Building and using maps is a fundamental issue for bionic robots in field applications. A dense surface map, which offers rich visual and geometric information, is an ideal representation of the environment for indoor/outdoor localization, navigation, and recognition tasks of these robots. Since most bionic robots can use only small light-weight laser scanners and cameras to acquire semi-dense point cloud and RGB images, we propose a method to generate a consistent and dense surface map from this kind of semi-dense point cloud and RGB images. The method contains two main steps: (1) generate a dense surface for every single scan of point cloud and its corresponding image(s) and (2) incrementally fuse the dense surface of a new scan into the whole map. In step (1) edge-aware resampling is realized by segmenting the scan of a point cloud in advance and resampling each sub-cloud separately. Noise within the scan is reduced and a dense surface is generated. In step (2) the average surface is estimated probabilistically and the non-coincidence of different scans is eliminated. Experiments demonstrate that our method works well in both indoor and outdoor semi-structured environments where there are regularly shaped objects.

关键词： Bionic robot Robotic mapping Surface fusion

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高精度道路导航地图的进展与思考

刘经南,吴杭彬,郭迟,张宏敏,左文炜,羊铖

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第2期页码 99-105 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.02.015

摘要：

随着互联网时代的高速发展，更多基于位置的新型行业逐步发展起来，例如“互联网+”智能交通、无人系统等，但这些行业的发展都需要高精度的位置数据作为支撑，而传统导航地图5 m的精度无法满足需求，因此高精度道路导航地图概念被提出。高精度道路导航地图具有更加丰富细致的道路信息，可以更加精准地反映道路的真实情况。与传统地图相比，它的图层数量更多，图层内容更加精细，具有新的地图结构划分。正是因为高精度道路导航地图丰富的信息含量，使得它具有庞大的数据量，而传统的集中式大数据处理模式无法满足它的计算需求。因此，本文提出 “众包+边缘计算”的大数据处理模式来解决高精度道路导航地图的计算问题。目前，高精度道路导航地图已进入高速发展状态，但发展过程中仍面临着一些需要解决的问题。

关键词：高精度道路导航地图 “互联网+”智能交通无人系统众包边缘计算

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特殊任务下基于Chebychev映射的移动机器人 Article

Cai-hong LI, Yong SONG, Feng-ying WANG, Zhi-qiang WANG, Yi-bin LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第9期页码 1305-1319 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601253

摘要：本文提出一种在特殊任务下基于Chebychev映射的移动机器人混沌全覆盖路径规划器的设计新策略。所设计的混沌路径规划器包含一个二维的Chebychev映射，该映射由两个一维的Chebychev映射构建而成。对规划器所产生的时间序列，进行反正弦变换，可以改善系统的混沌特性和均匀分布特性，从而提高机器人在完成特殊任务时的覆盖率和随机特性。通过仿射变换，Chebychev混沌系统映射到机器人工作空间的可行区域内，然后设计有障碍物环境下全覆盖路径规划的通用方法。仿真结果显示，所设计的混沌路径规划器在可行空间能够安全运行，不需要设计避障算法。所设计策略能够满足特殊任务下随机性、遍历性和高效率的需求。

关键词：移动机器人；Chebychev映射；混沌；仿射变换；全覆盖路径规划

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标题作者时间类型操作

New computational treatment of optical wave propagation in lossywaveguides

Jian-xin ZHU,Guan-jie WANG

期刊论文

Continuous size fractionation of magnetic nanoparticles by using simulated moving bed chromatography

Carsten-Rene Arlt, Dominik Brekel, Stefan Neumann, David Rafaja, Matthias Franzreb

期刊论文

Multiple input self-organizing-map ResNet model for optimization of petroleum refinery conversion units

期刊论文

A bacterial artificial chromosome-based physical map of